Ubuntu
buntu (IPA: [uːˈbuːntuː] in English,[1] [ùɓúntú] in Zulu) is a computer operating system. It is often rated as the most popular of the many Linux distributions.[2][3][4][5] Ubuntu's goals include providing an up-to-date yet stable Linux distribution for the average user and having a strong focus on usability and ease of installation. Ubuntu is a derivative of Debian, another free operating system. Ubuntu is sponsored by Canonical Ltd, which is owned by South African entrepreneur Mark Shuttleworth. The word ubuntu is Zulu for "humanity".[6] This Linux distribution is named as such to bring the spirit of the philosophy to the software world. Ubuntu is free software and can be shared by any number of users.Kubuntu and Xubuntu are official subprojects of the Ubuntu project, aiming to bring the KDE and Xfce desktop environments, respectively, to the Ubuntu core (by default Ubuntu uses GNOME for its desktop environment). Edubuntu is an official subproject designed for school environments and should be equally suitable for children to use at home.[7] Gobuntu is an official subproject that is aimed at adhering strictly to the Free Software Foundation's Four Freedoms.[8] Ubuntu JeOS (pronounced "Juice") is the newest official subproject. JeOS is a concept for what an operating system should look like in the context of a virtual appliance.[9]
Ubuntu releases new versions every six months, and supports those releases for 18 months with daily security fixes and patches to critical bugs. LTS (Long Term Support) releases, which occur every two years,[10] are supported for three years for desktops and five years for servers.[11] The most recent version, Ubuntu 8.04 LTS (Hardy Heron), was released on April 24, 2008, although an update, Ubuntu 8.04.1 LTS, was released on July 3, 2008. The next version will be 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex) and is scheduled for release in October 2008.[12]
 | |
 Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron) | |
| Company / developer | Canonical Ltd. / Ubuntu Foundation |
|---|---|
| OS family | Linux, Unix-like |
| Working state | Stable |
| Source model | Free and open source software |
| Initial release | October 20, 2004 |
| Latest stable release | 8.04.1 (Hardy Heron)/ July 3, 2008 |
| Latest unstable release | 8.10 Alpha 3 (Intrepid Ibex)/ 7-24-2008 |
| Available language(s) | Multilingual (more than 55) |
| Update method | APT |
| Package manager | dpkg (Debian GNU/Linux Package Manager) |
| Supported platforms | i386, AMD64, IA-64, UltraSPARC[a], PowerPC ( PowerPC support to be dropped)[b] |
| Kernel type | Monolithic (Linux) |
| Default user interface | GNOME, KDE (see Kubuntu), XFCE (see Xubuntu) |
| License | Various, primarily GPL and GFDL |
| Website | www.ubuntu.com |
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